Lesson article
Spot the signal, compare it, then read it in context
Read all 4 sections in order. Notice the target form, compare it with the nearby alternative, then use the reading and practice below to check the meaning in context.
Section 1 of 4
What each marker does
Recognize how writers summarize, illustrate, and compare ideas.
Start with the example
、。、。
The only ways to reach the venue are by train or bus, but both are suspended today. In short, I cannot get to the venue today.
explicitly rules out other transport in this situation, so the conclusion follows from the stated information.
Notice the variation
。、。
Japan has four seasons. For example, cherry blossoms bloom in spring.
introduces a concrete illustration of the broader claim.
More detail: how to apply this
summarizes or restates the point.
introduces an example.
presents another side, often a contrast or parallel viewpoint.
These markers are essential in explanatory writing.
Explain it another way
Try a different way of looking at the same idea.
Separate a main benefit, a counterpoint, and the strength or source of each claim.
The difficulty concentrating is attributed to some expressed views. adds that concern without claiming every learner has the same experience.
。、。
Online classes are convenient. On the other hand, some people say they are hard to focus on.
Separate a main benefit, a counterpoint, and the strength or source of each claim.
Showing Try this approach: Everyday words.
Target signal
、。、。
The only ways to reach the venue are by train or bus, but both are suspended today. In short, I cannot get to the venue today.
explicitly rules out other transport in this situation, so the conclusion follows from the stated information.
Compare in context
。、。
Japan has four seasons. For example, cherry blossoms bloom in spring.
introduces a concrete illustration of the broader claim.
Vocabulary notes
- たとえば
- for example
Compare in context
。、。
Cities are convenient. On the other hand, the cost of living is high.
opens a contrasting side of the same topic.
Vocabulary notes
- 都会
- city; urban area
- 一方で
- on the other hand
Section 2 of 4
Paragraph logic
Paragraph logic
Start with the example
。、。
This system has many advantages. For example, it shortens the time needed for procedures.
The second sentence supplies one supporting example.
Notice the variation
。、。
Cheap products are popular. On the other hand, they may not last long.
The writer balances popularity with a drawback.
More detail: how to apply this
These markers often tell you the role of the sentence before you fully understand every word.
usually points back, points downward into detail, and opens a second perspective.
Explain it another way
Try a different way of looking at the same idea.
This system has many advantages. For example, it shortens the time needed for procedures.
The second sentence supplies one supporting example.
。、。
This system has many advantages. For example, it shortens the time needed for procedures.
Return to the Japanese and locate the words supporting this meaning: This system has many advantages. For example, it shortens the time needed for procedures.
Showing Paragraph logic: Everyday words.
Target signal
。、。
This system has many advantages. For example, it shortens the time needed for procedures.
The second sentence supplies one supporting example.
Vocabulary notes
- たとえば
- for example
Preview
。、。
Cheap products are popular. On the other hand, they may not last long.
The writer balances popularity with a drawback.
Vocabulary notes
- 一方で
- on the other hand
Section 3 of 4
Reading focus
Separate a main benefit, a counterpoint, and the strength or source of each claim.
Reading focus
。
、。
Step 1 of 3 · Notice the clue
Convenience is the initial favorable point.
Step 1: Notice the clue
More detail: the reading method
In N3-level passages, one sentence often defines the main claim while the next sentence gives an example or counterpoint.
If you can identify that relationship quickly, comprehension becomes much easier.
Explain it another way
Try a different way of looking at the same idea.
Knowledge alone is not enough for exam preparation. In other words, time management is also important.
The summary sentence states the writer’s main takeaway.
。、。
Knowledge alone is not enough for exam preparation. In other words, time management is also important.
Return to the Japanese and locate the words supporting this meaning: Knowledge alone is not enough for exam preparation. In other words, time management is also important.
Showing Reading focus: Everyday words.
More examples
Target signal
。、。
Knowledge alone is not enough for exam preparation. In other words, time management is also important.
The summary sentence states the writer’s main takeaway.
Vocabulary notes
- だけで
- with only; just by
- 足りない
- to be lacking; not enough
- つまり
- in other words
Preview
。、。
Online classes are convenient. On the other hand, some people say they are hard to focus on.
marks a counterpoint rather than a brand-new topic.
Vocabulary notes
- 一方で
- on the other hand
- という
- called; that ...; saying that ...
Section 4 of 4
Compare the meaning
Use the contrast to make a decision. Choose an answer before opening the explanation.
Read the passage
。、。、。、。
Your turn · decide before revealing
How does relate to ?
More detail: what changes and why
Read: 。、。、。、。 How does relate to ?
illustrates the benefit with shared large utensils.
adds waiting as a drawback;
combines both considerations without denying the benefit.
Explain it another way
Try a different way of looking at the same idea.
Same words, two possible interpretations. Which has evidence?
illustrates the benefit with shared large utensils. adds waiting as a drawback; combines both considerations without denying the benefit.
/
Supported meaning: It adds a scheduling drawback to the example of shared equipment as a benefit
Use the sentence to choose between these interpretations; do not add information that is only in an answer choice.
Showing Compare the meaning: Everyday words.