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N5

Questions with か

About 8 minutes · written and reviewed by Haruki Yamamoto

Section 1 of 3

Add か to ask

In basic polite Japanese, you can often turn a statement into a question by adding か at the end. The rest of the sentence may stay almost the same.

  1. Target signal

    これはペンですか。

    Is this a pen?

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    これ
    this
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    ペン
    pen
  2. Compare in context

    たなかさんはせんせいですか。

    Is Tanaka a teacher?

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    せんせい
    teacher
    せいで〜せいで
    because of; due to (negative result)
    さん
    Mr.; Ms.; polite name suffix
  3. Compare in context

    きょうはやすみですか。

    Is today a day off?

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    きょう
    today
    やすみ
    closed; day off
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are

Section 2 of 3

Yes and no answers

Beginner answers are short and repetitive on purpose. Repeating part of the sentence helps you stay inside the Japanese pattern.

  1. Target signal

    はい、ペンです。

    Yes, it is a pen.

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    はい
    yes
    ペン
    pen
  2. Preview

    いいえ、せんせいではありません。

    No, [they] are not a teacher.

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    ではありません
    is not; am not; are not
    せんせい
    teacher
    せいで〜せいで
    because of; due to (negative result)
  3. Preview

    はい、やすみです。

    Yes, it is a day off.

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    やすみ
    closed; day off
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    はい
    yes

Section 3 of 3

Check the sentence end first

When you are unsure whether a line is a statement or a question, look at the end. The final か gives you the answer quickly.

  1. Target signal

    それはほんですか。

    Is that a book?

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    それ
    that
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    ほん
    book
  2. Preview

    ここはとしょかんですか。

    Is this the library?

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    ここ
    here
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    question marker; or
  3. Preview

    はい、としょかんです。

    Yes, it is the library.

    Notice how Questions with か shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    です
    to be (polite); is; am; are
    はい
    yes
    question marker; or

Reading in context

Read for meaning before checking the answer

Before you read

Read once for the situation. Then notice how Questions with か changes the meaning before you check the translation.

これはペンですか。 たなかさんはせんせいですか。 きょうはやすみですか。 はい、ペンです。 いいえ、せんせいではありません。 はい、やすみです。 それはほんです

Show English translation

Is this a pen? Is Tanaka a teacher? Is today a day off? Yes, it is a pen. No, [they] are not a teacher. Yes, it is a day off. Is that a book? Is this the library? Yes, it is the library.

Contextual questions

Answer from the passage before you reveal each explanation.

  1. What is the first reading job for this passage?

    • Identify the situation and how Questions with か changes it.
    • Translate every word before using context.
    • Ignore the ending because only vocabulary matters.
    • Choose an answer before reading the full passage.
    Check the answer

    Identify the situation and how Questions with か changes it.

    The goal is to use the situation first, then confirm the role of Questions with か in context.

Guided practice

Apply the lesson in a few different ways

Work through each prompt, then check the explanation before moving on.

Activity 1 of 5Choose the best context

What marks a polite yes/no question in beginner Japanese?

Activity 2 of 5Fill the blank

Complete the chunk that carries the lesson meaning (Questions with か).

___はペンですか。

Activity 3 of 5Put it in order

Put these related examples back into the order used in the lesson.

  1. 1たなかさんはせんせいですか。
  2. 2きょうはやすみですか。
  3. 3これはペンですか。
Activity 4 of 5Infer from the passage

What should guide your interpretation of Questions with か in the mini-reading?

Activity 5 of 5Infer from the passage

Cumulative checkpoint: Which reading habit helps you combine this lesson with the earlier grammar?

Mastery check 1/4

What marks a polite yes/no question in beginner Japanese?