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N4

Appearance そうだ

About 8 minutes · written and reviewed by Haruki Yamamoto

Section 1 of 3

What appearance そう means

Use 〜そうです when you judge something from visible or immediate evidence. With い-adjectives, drop the final い. With な-adjectives, attach そう to the stem. With verbs, use the ます-stem plus そう. This pattern means “looks…” or “seems likely to…”.

  1. Target signal

    このケーキはおいしそうです。

    This cake looks delicious.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    ケーキ
    cake
    うで
    arm
  2. Compare in context

    雨が降りそうです。

    It looks like it is going to rain.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    うで
    arm
    そう
    so; that way; like that
  3. Compare in context

    田中さんは元気そうです。

    Tanaka looks well.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    元気そうげんきそう
    looks lively; looks well
    田中さんたなかさん
    Tanaka

Section 2 of 3

Negative appearance and common forms

Negative appearance is often made with 〜なさそうです or adjective negative stems such as 〜くなさそうです. Focus on natural, high-frequency patterns first. いい becomes よさそう, not いいそう in this grammar point.

  1. Target signal

    この問題はむずかしくなさそうです。

    This problem does not look difficult.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    うで
    arm
    この
    this
  2. Preview

    あの店は高くなさそうです。

    That shop does not look expensive.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    あの
    that; that over there
    うで
    arm
  3. Preview

    この方法のほうがよさそうです。

    This method looks better.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    のほうが〜のほうが
    the ... one is more ...
    うで
    arm

Section 3 of 3

Do not confuse it with hearsay そうだ

Appearance そう attaches to an adjective stem or verb stem. Hearsay そうだ attaches to a plain clause and means “I heard that…”. In reading, the form before そう is the key clue.

  1. Target signal

    山田さんは来るそうです。

    I heard that Yamada is coming.

    Plain verb + そう = hearsay, not appearance.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    山田さんやまださん
    Mr. or Ms. Yamada
    うで
    arm
  2. Preview

    山田さんは来そうです。

    Yamada looks likely to come.

    Verb stem + そう = appearance or likelihood.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    山田さんやまださん
    Mr. or Ms. Yamada
    うで
    arm
  3. Preview

    その子は眠そうです。

    That child looks sleepy.

    Notice how Appearance そうだ shapes the meaning of this sentence in context.

    Vocabulary notes
    そうです〜そうです
    looks like; seems
    眠そうねむそう
    sleepy; sleepy-looking
    うで
    arm

Reading in context

Read for meaning before checking the answer

Before you read

Read once for the situation. Then notice how Appearance そうだ changes the meaning before you check the translation.

このケーキはおいしそうです。 雨が降りそうです。 田中さんは元気そうです。 この問題はむずかしくなさそうです。 あの店は高くなさそうです。 この方法のほうがよさそうです。 山田さんは来るそうです。 山田さんは来そうです。 その子は眠そうです。

Show English translation

This cake looks delicious. It looks like it is going to rain. Tanaka looks well. This problem does not look difficult. That shop does not look expensive. This method looks better. I heard that Yamada is coming. Yamada looks likely to come. That child looks sleepy.

Contextual questions

Answer from the passage before you reveal each explanation.

  1. What is the first reading job for this passage?

    • Identify the situation and how Appearance そうだ changes it.
    • Translate every word before using context.
    • Ignore the ending because only vocabulary matters.
    • Choose an answer before reading the full passage.
    Check the answer

    Identify the situation and how Appearance そうだ changes it.

    The goal is to use the situation first, then confirm the role of Appearance そうだ in context.

Guided practice

Apply the lesson in a few different ways

Work through each prompt, then check the explanation before moving on.

Activity 1 of 4Choose the best context

Which sentence means “It looks cold”?

Activity 2 of 4Fill the blank

Complete the chunk that carries the lesson meaning (Appearance そうだ).

このケーキはおいし___。

Activity 3 of 4Put it in order

Put these related examples back into the order used in the lesson.

  1. 1雨が降りそうです。
  2. 2田中さんは元気そうです。
  3. 3このケーキはおいしそうです。
Activity 4 of 4Infer from the passage

What should guide your interpretation of Appearance そうだ in the mini-reading?

Mastery check 1/4

Which sentence means “It looks cold”?